Recent excavations have confirmed that X’baatún, a little-known Maya site located in Oxwatz Park, Mexico, once served as a significant Maya urban center. Researchers working in the ejido of Tekal de Venegas in Yucatán uncovered structural remains pointing to a larger and more complex settlement than previously recorded.
During a return to the site in late 2025, the research team began a new phase of fieldwork aimed at mapping the area’s full scale. Within a nine-kilometer (6 miles) core surrounded by a perimeter wall, archaeologists identified approximately 60 structures.
Evidence suggests the ancient settlement extended well beyond this boundary, reinforcing its importance in the region.
New findings confirm X’baatún as a major Maya urban center
Juan García Targa, co-director of the X’baatún Project, said the scope of the site had been underestimated until now. He explained that structures were found in all directions from the central point, known as Structure 1. He also noted that the nearby site of Kukulá, where at least 50 additional buildings have been identified, may be part of the same urban network.
🔍 Archaeologists uncover X’baatún as a major Maya urban center in Yucatán, revealing 100+ structures, Puuc-style design & regional ties. A hidden city comes to light! 🏛️🌿 #MayaCivilization #Archaeology #Xbaatun #Yucatan #AncientHistory pic.twitter.com/ji0HO4HdT3
— Tom Marvolo Riddle (@tom_riddle2025) January 6, 2026
To map the area, researchers combined surface surveys with modern techniques such as high-resolution topographic mapping, drone-based photogrammetry and selective borehole drilling. These methods revealed a detailed view of the site’s layout and design features.
Findings indicate that X’baatún was occupied between AD 700 and 1200, spanning the Late Classic through Early Postclassic periods. Among the most notable discoveries is Structure 13, a residential complex measuring 35 meters (115 feet) on each side, built around a central plaza and a smaller pyramid known as Structure 15.
Architecture and trade reveal regional influence
The pyramid stands four meters (13 feet) high and reflects Puuc architectural traits, including columns and vaulted rooms made with distinctive boot-shaped stones. This style is typically found in hill-country sites like Uxmal and Kabah but is now seen extending into the central Yucatán plain.
Ceramic analysis conducted by Varela Torrecilla revealed trade connections with Ek’ Balam, based on imported pottery fragments.
Beyond excavation, the project emphasizes public engagement. Findings were shared at the Ichkaantijoo Mayan Culture Symposium and the Gran Museo de Chichén Itzá. Students and local residents have joined documentation efforts led by the Autonomous University of Yucatán.
