Japan has unveiled its first domestically built quantum computer, marking a landmark step in the country’s efforts to strengthen its position in advanced computing. The system, developed entirely with homegrown components, is now operating at the University of Osaka’s Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Biology (QIQB).
Shift to fully domestic technology
The machine launched on July 28, replacing all previously imported parts with components made in Japan. It also runs on open-source software created locally, known as the Open Quantum Toolchain for Operators and Users, or OQTOPUS.
Superconducting qubits at the core
The computer utilizes a quantum chip built with superconducting qubits at its center. These qubits are made from metals that lose electrical resistance when cooled close to absolute zero, -459.67 degrees Fahrenheit (minus 273.15 degrees Celsius). The quantum processing unit was designed and developed by researchers at the RIKEN Institute.
Specialized hardware forms the chandelier
The machine’s main body, known as the “chandelier,” incorporates the chip package supplied by Seiken, along with a magnetic shield, infrared and bandpass filters, a low-noise amplifier, and connecting cables.
All of these components are housed in a dilution refrigerator, a cryogenic device that keeps the system at the extremely low temperatures required for quantum operations. Supporting systems include a pulse tube refrigerator, controllers, and a low-noise power source to maintain stability.
The software toolkit provides a foundation
The OQTOPUS platform supplies the environment needed to run quantum programs. It includes a core engine, a cloud module, and graphical interface tools, giving researchers a more accessible way to manage and operate quantum applications.
Promise and challenges of quantum computing
Quantum computing has the potential to surpass the performance of the world’s fastest supercomputers. By processing calculations in parallel rather than in sequence, quantum systems could transform industries such as healthcare, transportation, and logistics. Applications range from drug discovery to optimizing city traffic flows and delivery routes.
Japan has launched a domestically built quantum computer at Osaka University’s QIQB, marking full national self-reliance in quantum h/w & s/w.
The system replaces all previously imported components with homegrown technologies & runs on an open-source s/w stack developed in Japan pic.twitter.com/gy9Smvwhwm— Varun Karthikeyan (@Varun55484761) August 11, 2025
But the field faces obstacles. Adding qubits does not automatically improve performance, as high error rates during calculations remain a major challenge. Researchers are focusing on quantum error correction, which seeks to improve accuracy and make the technology more practical.
Public debut at Expo 2025
The computer was introduced to the public at Expo 2025 in Osaka, held from Aug. 14 to Aug. 20. The exhibition featured demonstrations of its core components and allowed visitors to run basic quantum programs remotely via the cloud.
Interactive exhibits also allowed attendees to explore concepts such as quantum entanglement. Organizers state the goal was to raise the public’s understanding of the technology and highlight its potential role in shaping future industries.
